Ukukhetha unyango lomphezulu yingxaki ejongene nayo yonke i-designer. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zonyango lomphezulu ezikhoyo, kwaye i-designer ephezulu akufuneki iqwalasele kuphela uqoqosho kunye nokusebenza koyilo, kodwa ikwafanele iqwalasele inkqubo yokuhlanganisa kwaneemfuno zokusingqongileyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho intshayelelo emfutshane kwezinye iingubo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-fasteners ezisekelwe kwimigaqo engentla, ukuze kubhekwe ziingcali ze-fasteners.
1. Ukufakelwa kwe-electrogalvanizing
I-Zinc yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu xa kufakwa izinto zokubopha zorhwebo. Ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu, kwaye imbonakalo yayo ilungile. Imibala eqhelekileyo ibandakanya umbala omnyama noluhlaza okomkhosi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo okuchasene nokugqwala kuphakathi, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo okuchasene nokugqwala kuphantsi kakhulu phakathi kwe-zinc plating (coating) layers. Ngokubanzi, uvavanyo lwe-galvanized salt spray olungathathi cala lwenziwa kwiiyure ezingama-72, kwaye ii-sealer ezikhethekileyo nazo zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-galvanized salt spray luhlala iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-200. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso libiza kakhulu, eliphindwe ka-5-8 kunele-galvanized steel eqhelekileyo.
Inkqubo yokugaya i-electrogalvanizing idla ngokubhitya i-hydrogen, ngoko ke iibholithi ezingaphezulu kwebanga le-10.9 azinyangwa nge-galvanizing. Nangona i-hydrogen ingasuswa kusetyenziswa i-oven emva kokufaka i-plating, ifilimu yokukhupha i-passivation iya konakala kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-60 ℃, ngoko ke ukususwa kwe-hydrogen kufuneka kwenziwe emva kokufaka i-electroplating nangaphambi kokufaka i-passivation. Oku akusebenzi kakuhle kwaye kubiza kakhulu ukucubungula. Enyanisweni, izityalo zemveliso ngokubanzi aziyisusi i-hydrogen ngaphandle kokuba kugunyaziswe ngabathengi abathile.
Ukuhambelana phakathi kwe-torque kunye namandla okuqinisa kwangaphambili kwee-fasteners ze-galvanized akulunganga kwaye azinzile, kwaye ngokubanzi azisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuhambelana kokulayisha kwangaphambili kwe-torque, indlela yokugquma izinto zokuthambisa emva kokuplata ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula nokuphucula ukuhambelana kokulayisha kwangaphambili kwe-torque.
2. I-Phosphating
Umgaqo osisiseko kukuba i-phosphating ixabisa kancinci kune-galvanizing, kodwa ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kubi kune-galvanizing. Emva kwe-phosphating, kufuneka kufakwe ioyile, kwaye ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kunxulumene kakhulu nokusebenza kweoyile esetyenzisiweyo. Umzekelo, emva kwe-phosphating, ukusebenzisa ioyile yokulwa nokugqwala ngokubanzi kunye nokwenza uvavanyo lwe-neutral salt spray iiyure ezili-10-20 kuphela. Ukusebenzisa ioyile yokulwa nokugqwala kwinqanaba eliphezulu kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-72-96. Kodwa ixabiso layo liphindwe ka-2-3 kuneoyile ye-phosphating eqhelekileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ze-phosphating kwi-fasteners, i-zinc based phosphating kunye ne-manganese based phosphating. I-zinc based phosphating isebenza ngcono kwi-lubrication kune-manganese based phosphating, kwaye i-manganese based phosphating inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kune-zinc plating. Ingasetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aqala kwi-225 ukuya kwi-400 degrees Fahrenheit (107-204 ℃). Ingakumbi ekuqhagamshelweni kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Ezifana nee-connecting rod bolts kunye nee-nuts ze-injini, intloko yesilinda, i-main bearing, ii-flywheel bolts, ii-wheel bolts kunye nee-nuts, njl.
Iibholiti ezinamandla aphezulu zisebenzisa i-phosphating, nto leyo enokuthintela iingxaki zokubhitya kwe-hydrogen. Ke ngoko, iibholiti ezingaphezulu kwebanga le-10.9 kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso zihlala zisebenzisa unyango lomphezulu we-phosphating.
3. Ukunyibilikisa i-oxidation (ukwenza mnyama)
Ukufaka i-blackening+oiling yindlela ethandwayo yokubopha izinto ezifakelwayo kwimizi-mveliso kuba yeyona ingabizi kakhulu kwaye ibukeka intle ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe ngepetroli. Ngenxa yokuba imnyama, ayinawo amandla okuthintela ukugqwala, ngoko ke iya kugqwala ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kweoyile. Nokuba kukho ioyile, uvavanyo lokutshiza ityuwa lunokuhlala iiyure ezi-3-5 kuphela.
4. Ukwahlulahlula nge-electroplating
I-Cadmium plating inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiindawo zaselwandle, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango lomphezulu. Ixabiso lokunyanga ulwelo lwenkunkuma kwinkqubo ye-electroplating i-cadmium liphezulu, kwaye ixabiso layo limalunga ne-15-20 amaxesha kune-electroplating zinc. Ngoko ayisetyenziswa kumashishini ngokubanzi, kuphela kwiindawo ezithile. Izibophelelo ezisetyenziselwa amaqonga okubhola ioyile kunye neenqwelo moya ze-HNA.
5. I-Chromium plating
I-chromium coating izinzile kakhulu emoyeni, akulula ukuyitshintsha umbala kwaye ilahlekelwe bubuhle, kwaye inobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-chromium plating kwi-fasteners kudla ngokusetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhombisa. Ayisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo zoshishino ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokumelana nokugqwala, njengoko i-chrome plated fasteners ezilungileyo zibiza ngokulinganayo njenge-stainless steel. Kuphela xa amandla e-stainless steel anganelanga, kusetyenziswa i-chrome plated fasteners endaweni yoko.
Ukuthintela ukugqwala, i-copper kunye ne-nickel kufuneka zifakwe kuqala ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe i-chrome plating. I-chromium coating inokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu angama-1200 degrees Fahrenheit (650 ℃). Kodwa kukwakho nengxaki yokuqhekeka kwe-hydrogen, efana ne-electrogalvanizing.
6. Ipleyiti yeNickel
Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifuna zombini ukuthintela ukugqwala kunye nokuqhuba kakuhle kombane. Umzekelo, ii-terminals eziphumayo zeebhetri zesithuthi.
7. Ukucoca nge-hot-dip
I-Hot dip galvanizing yi-thermal diffusion coating ye-zinc efudunyezwa ibe lulwelo. Ubukhulu be-coating buphakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-100 μ m. Kwaye akulula ukuyilawula, kodwa inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kubunjineli. Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-hot dip galvanizing, kukho ungcoliseko olukhulu, kubandakanya inkunkuma ye-zinc kunye nomphunga we-zinc.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bengubo, ibangele ubunzima ekukrufuleni imisonto yangaphakathi neyangaphandle kwi-fasteners. Ngenxa yobushushu bokucubungula i-hot-dip galvanizing, ayinakusetyenziswa kwi-fasteners ezingaphezulu kwe-grade 10.9 (340~500 ℃).
8. Ukungena kweZinc
Ukungena kweZinc yingubo eqinileyo yokusasazeka kobushushu ye-metallurgical ye-zinc powder. Ukufana kwayo kulungile, kwaye umaleko ofanayo ungafunyanwa kwimisonto nakwimingxunya engaboniyo. Ubukhulu beplati yi-10-110 μ m. Kwaye impazamo ingalawulwa kwi-10%. Amandla ayo okubopha kunye nokusebenza kokulwa nokugqwala kunye ne-substrate zezona zibalaseleyo kwiingubo zeZinc (ezifana ne-electrogalvanizing, i-hot-dip galvanizing, kunye neDacromet). Inkqubo yayo yokucubungula ayinangcoliseko kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
9. I-Dacromet
Akukho ngxaki yokubhitya kwe-hydrogen, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-torque preload kulungile kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iingxaki ze-chromium kunye nokusingqongileyo, iDacromet yeyona ifanelekileyo kwiifasteners ezinamandla aphezulu ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokulwa nokugqwala.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-19-2023
